Incandescent lamp for electric lights.



J. F. SANDERS. .INCANDESCENT LAMP FOR 'ELECTBIGQLIGHTS (Application led Oct. 12, 1899.)

(No 'Mdel ,5f 4115111555?. altre? .r

v the filling material.

UNITED STATES JOHN F. SANDERS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR 'IO HARRY BROWN,

OF SAME PLACE.

INCANDESCENT LAMP FOR ELECTRIC LIGHTS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 652,374, dated .T une 26, 1900. Application filed October 12, 1899. Serial No. 733,364. (No model.)

To all whom, t may concern,.-

Beit known that I, JOHN F. SANDERS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Incandescent Lamps for Electric Lights, of which the following is a4 specitication.

gitudinal sectional elevation of my electric incandescent lamp. Fig. 2 is a plan or top View. Fig. 3 is a plan View of the top plate of the lamp. Fig. 4 is a plan View of a mica plate used under the top plate. Fig. 5 is a plan View of ahorizontal section, taken in line 5 of Fig. l. Fig. 6 is a bottom View taken in line 6 of Fig. l, and Fig. 7 is a plan view of the ring of conducting material in the bottom of the lamp.

In making my improved electric-light incandescent lamp A, I make it with an external shape or configuration very nearly the same as that of the incandescent lamps now in general use and adapted to be inserted and used in the place of such lamps. It is therefore provided with the usual attachments to cause it to fit into the sockets now in general use for the ordinary incandescentlamps. It is provided with a screw B at its upper end of the proper diameter, thread, and length, so that after removing the present incandescent lamp one of mine can be screwed into its socket and used in its place. The screw is iirmly secured to the lamp by embedding it in the material lilling the cup or shell C forming the upper portion of the lamp. This lilling may be any suitable non-conductive material. The screw is connected at its lower end with a metallic tube b, also embedded in Other tubes b', preferably three of them, are also embedded in the filling material, but with a layer of such material interposed between them and the screw B, so that they will be out of electrical connection with such screw until brought into such connection by other means. One of these tubes b has a contact-point b2 extending up above the top of the lamp a desired distance, so that when thelamp is screwed into the socket the circuit will be formed through the screw B and the contact-point b2. Immediately above the filling material I arrange a plate of mica, asbestos, or other suitable non-conducting material D, and above this I arrange a metallic plate CZ, securely held in place by screws CZ or other desired means, so as to make a firm and secure top for the lamp. Of course, however,I a single plate of suiiicient rigidity can be made to serve the purpose of the two. The lower end of the cup or shell C is preferably flared out and enlarged, as shown at c, to receive the top ot' a glass bulb or globe E, which may be provided with an outwardly-turned flange e, through which it may be held in place by means ot' the screws c', which may be screwed in or out through the lower edge of the cup by hand to permit the insertion or removal 'of the globe or bulb. The glass forming the bulb or globe, as will presently appear, will be subjected to the heat of the incandescent carbone, and to preventit from breaking from such heat or from uneven heat I would recommend that it-be made from or contain a sufficient quantity of silicate of lead. In the lower end or bottom of the lamp is arranged where more than two carbons are used asectional bottom ring F, of conducting material,

preferably of two half-rings insulated from each other, as shown atf. Where only two carbons are used, however, this hollow ring' need not be sectional, but may be formed of one integral piece of conducting material. Where a plurality of incandescent pencils or electrodes are used, they should be arranged in pairs and a section of the bottom ring should be provided for each pair. Iarrange inA the upper ends of the tubes b and b light coiled springs G, as shown'in Fig. l, and be" neath these I insert short carbons H and H', fitting snugly in the tubes, with their'upper foo ends contacting with the springs, by means of which they are constantly held down to their Work. In the lower ends of these carbons and in the upper face of the bottom ring are arranged shallow holes, preferably conical, as shown in Fig. 1, in which are arranged incandescent pencils or electrodes I and I',l formed of resistance material, which should be refractory or substantially non-combustible. These incandescent carbons or electrodes, owing to the resistance which they furnish to the passage of the electric current, become incandescent or heated to a white heat, so as to furnish illumination of high candlepower.

The position and insulation of the carbontubes from each other and from the screw; may be secured in various ways, as already.y intimated, though probably the simplest andv easiest way is to place them and the cup ory shell into a former made for the purpose,f

which holds them all in the exact required position, and then filling the intervening: spaces with pipe or porcelain clay slightly moistened and pressed in with a die shaped The clay when; dried forms a hard mass, which holds all the 4pieces firmly in place and forms, as already said, a non-conductor practically indestructi-` If preferred, however, plaster- Yof-paris, marble, or other suitable plastic non`r conducting material may be employed to fill The carbons H and I'I and' lthe bottom ring F can be and preferably are? The reason I prefer graph-1 ite is because it is a good conductor of the electric current and is not readily aectedI The carbon pencils]- and fitted for the' purpose.

ble by heat.

the cup or shell.

made of graphite.

by high temperatures.

or electrodes are made in the manner described in my application, Serial No. 7 31,564,

filed September 25, 1899, and I need not herey 4describe the matter in detail. `f

As already said, the lamp may have two or more-say four-incandescent pencils or elec, trodes, although any desired additional num-` ber may be used, if preferred.

incandescent electrodes are used, the electricl current passes into the lamp through the screw B, which, as already said, is used to se cure the lamp in the socket. From the screw it passes into the tube b and from such tubey into the carbon H, from which it passes into the incandescent electrode I, and from thence:

into the bottom ring, thence up through the vincandescent electrode I to the carbon IIf andinto the metallic tube b and through the contact b2 into the return-circuit Venterin g the socken, Where more than two incandescent electrodes are usedfor instance, four-the Yelectric current passes, as already described,g `into the bottom ring, which in this case, how-f vever, as already explained, is formed of sec- The cur rent then passes up through the incandescent electrode, resting in the portion of the ringI that supports the electrode through which it tions insulated from each other.

Where two` entered, and at the top passes through a metallic or conducting connector K, that leads it across to the metal tube holding a carbon resting on an incandescent electrode supported by another section of the bottom ring, which enables the current to pass down and up through the other electrode resting in the same section of the ring and out through the return-circuit, as already described. The same arrangement obtains where more than two pairs of incandescent pencils or electrodes are used. Each pair rests on a section vofthe bottom ring, and the transfer from one pair to another pair is made at the top, and

Vthe contact-point b2 is arranged in the tube containing the last carbon traversed by the electric current in its course through the'lamp.

In the above construction of lamp and arrangement of carbons and incandescent electrodes or pencils no vacuum is required, and the lamp can be readily opened to remove or insert new electrodes, so that the quantity of candle-power light can be increased or decreased at will by simply changing the character of the incandescent pencils or electrodes used. All parts of the lamp are readily accessible, so that they can be easily cleaned, and in case any part becomes broken or defective it can readily be changed or repaired. These advantages, to speak ofno others, will be readily recognized and appreciated by users of incandescent electric lights.

What I regard as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In an incandescent electric lamp, the combination of a glass bulb or globe terminating in a prolongation at its bottom adapted to receive and hold a ring of conducting material, a bottom ring of conducting material arranged in the prolongation of the bulb or globe and provided with recesses in its upper face adapted to receive and hold incandescent pencils or electrodes, substantially as described.

2. In an incandescent electric lamp, the combination of a cup or shell, non-conductin g filling material arranged therein, metallic tubes embedded in the filling material adapted to receive carbons, a glass bulb or globe terminating in a prolongation at its bottom adapted to receive and hold a ring of con IOO IIO

lamp, the

tubes forming a part of the circuit entering the lamp and the other provided with a contact-point for completing the circuit leaving the lamp, a glass bulb or globe terminating in a prolongation at its bottom adapted to receive and hold a ring of conducting material, and a bottom ring of conducting material arranged in the prolongation of the bulb or globe and provided with recesses in its upper face adapted to receive and hold incandescent pencils or electrodes, whereby incandescent pencils or electrodes may be inserted connecting the carbons in the tubes with the bottom ring of conducting material, substantially as described.

Lt. In an incandescent electric lamp, the combination of a cup or shell, non-conducting lling material arranged therein, metallic tubes embedded in the iilling material adapted to receive and hold carbons, one of the tubes forming a part of the circuit entering the lamp, and the other provided with a contact-point for completing the circuit leaving the lamp, and a bottom ring of conducting material provided with recesses in its upper face adapted to receive and hold incandescent pencils or electrodes, whereby incandescent pencils or electrodes may be inserted connecting the carbons in the tubes with the bottom ring of conducting material, substantially as described.

5. In an incandescent electric lamp, the combination of a cup or shell, non-conducting filling material arranged therein, metallic tubes embedded in the lling material adapted to receive and hold carbons, one of the tubes forming a part of the circuit entering the lamp and the other provided with a contact-point for completing the circuit leaving the lamp, and a bottom ring of conducting material provided with recesses in its upper face adapted to receive and hold incandescent pencils or electrodes, whereby incandescent pencils or electrodes may be inserted connecting the carbons in the tubes with the bottom ring of conducting material, substantially as described.

6. In an incandescent electric lamp, the combination of a cup or shell, non-conducting filling material arranged therein, metallic tubes embedded in the filling material adapted to receive and hold carbons, one of the tubes forming a part of the circuit entering the lamp, and the other provided with a contact-point for completing the circuit leaving the lamp, springs arranged in the metallic tubes above the carbons when inserted therein, a glass bulb or globe terminating in a prolongation at its bottom adapted to receive and hold a ring of conducting material arranged in the prolongation of the bulb or globe and provided with :recesses in its upper face adapted to receive and hold incandescent pencils or electrodes, whereby incandescent pencils or electrodes may be inserted connecting the carbons in the tubes with the bottom ring of conducting material, substantially as described.

7. In an incandescent electric lamp, the combination of a cup or shell, non-conducting filling material arranged therein, a plurality of metallic tubes arranged in the filling material adapted to receive and hold carbons, one of the tubes forming a part of the circuit entering the lamp, two ot the others being connected together at the top by conducting material, and another being provided with a contact-point for completing the circuit leaving the lamp, a glass bulb or globe terminating in a prolongation at its bottom adapted to receive and hold a ring of conducting material7 and a bottom ring of conducting material arranged in the prolongation of the bulb or globe and provided with recesses in its upper face adapted to receive and hold incandescent pencils or electrodes, whereby incandescent pencils or electrodes may be inserted connecting the carbons in the tubes with the bottom ring of conducting material, substantially as described.

8. In an incandescent electric lamp, the combination of a cup or shell,nonconducting filling material arranged therein, a plurality of metallic tubes arranged in the filling material adapted to receive and hold carbons, one of the tubes forming a part of the circuit entering the lamp, two of the others being connected together at the top by conducting material, and another being provided with a contact-point for completing the circuit leaving the lamp, and a bottom ring of conducting material provided with recesses in its upper face adapted to receive and hold incandescent pencils or electrodes, whereby incandescent pencils or electrodes may be inserted connecting the carbons in the tubes with the bottom ring of conducting material, substantially as described.

9. In an incandescent electric lamp, the combination of a cup or sl1ell,non-conducting filling material arranged therein, a plurality of metallic tubes arranged in the filling material adapted to receive and hold carbons, one of the tubes forming a part of the circuit entering the lamp, two of the others being connected together at the top by conducting material, and another being provided with a contact-point for completing the circuit leavv ing the lamp, and a sectional bottom ring of conducting material provided with recesses in its upper face and having its sections separated by insulating material, whereby incandescent pencils or electrodes may be inserted, a pair for each section of the bottom ring, connecting the carbons in the tubes with the bottom ring, substantially as described.

JOHN F. SANDERS.

i/Vitnesses:

THOMAS A. BANNING, THOMAS B. MOGREGOR..

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